The average rate of flow of sound energy for one period through any
specified area.
In a medium of density ρ for a plane or spherical free wave
having a velocity of propagation c, the sound energy flux through the
area S corresponding to an effective sound pressure p is
J = ( p2S / ρc ) cos θ
where θ = the angle between the direction of propagation of the sound
and the normal to the area S.