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Marcello Malpighi (1628-1694)
An Italian scientist and physician who studied tissues and organs
microscopically and is considered the founder of microanatomy. He related
anatomy and physiology to medicine, including detailed structure of lungs,
kidneys, spleen, and other organs, and the capillary circulation in frogs
(1660). He later studied the structure of plants and
animals and may have referred to cells when he spoke of “globules” and “saccules”
(1661). He discovered the
existence of blood capillaries, whose existence had been hypothesized by William
Harvey about 30 years earlier. In addition, he studied the development of organs
of chick embryos and erroneously concluded that the adult was preformed in a
miniature form in the egg.
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