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Rudolf Heberle
perceives social movements as a "collectivity" having a group identity and a set
of constitutive ideas. Social movements attempt to bring about fundamental changes in the
social order especially in property and labor relations. In sum, social movements derive
from institutional inadequacies in a given society. As
those uninstitutionalized needs are manifest in the lives of individuals, organizations
may form to challenge the powers that be. This is the genesis of a social movement.
Movements differ in their degree of formal organization, the extent of social change
desired, the degree of change in personal life-style required as well as ideological
flexibility. - Rudolph Heberle, Social Movements: An Introduction to
Political Sociology (New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1951).
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