Cerium(III) sulfate, with the chemical formula Ce2(SO4)3, is an inorganic compound composed of the rare-earth metal cerium and sulfate ions (SO4)2-. It is part of a group of compounds known as cerium(III) salts, where cerium is in its +3 oxidation state.

Properties of Cerium(III) Sulfate:

• Appearance: Cerium(III) sulfate is a white to slightly yellowish solid, depending on its purity and hydration state.
• Solubility: It is sparingly soluble in water, and the resulting solution may be slightly acidic due to hydrolysis.
• Hydration: Cerium(III) sulfate can exist in different hydrated forms, such as anhydrous cerium(III) sulfate or cerium(III) sulfate tetrahydrate (Ce2(SO4)3 · 4H2O).

Preparation and Reactions: Cerium(III) sulfate can be prepared by reacting cerium(III) oxide or cerium(III) hydroxide with sulfuric acid:

Ce2O3 + 3H2SO4 → Ce2(SO4)3 + 3H2O

Like other cerium(III) salts, cerium(III) sulfate can undergo various reactions with other compounds, forming different cerium-based compounds with unique properties.

Applications: Cerium(III) sulfate itself does not have significant commercial applications, but it can serve as a precursor in the synthesis of other cerium compounds or cerium-doped materials with specific uses. Cerium-based materials find applications in catalysts, glass manufacturing, scintillators, and certain optical devices, among others, due to their unique optical and electronic properties.

Safety Considerations: As with all chemicals, cerium(III) sulfate should be handled with care, and safety precautions should be followed. It is essential to consult the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for specific safety information.